Hlau yog cov khoom siv ntau yam categorized rau hauvplaub yam tseem ceebraws li nws muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov khoom. Cov pawg no yog:
1. Carbon Steel
Kev piav qhia: Qhov no yog hom hlau ntau tshaj plaws, feem ntau yog hlau thiab carbon. Nws kuj tseem yuav muaj me me ntawm lwm cov khoom xws li manganese, silicon, thiab tooj liab.
Cov qeb:
Tsawg Carbon Steel (Mild Steel): Muaj txog li 0.3% carbon. Nws yog ductile, yooj yim rau weld, thiab muaj zoo formability. Feem ntau siv hauv kev tsim kho, kav dej, thiab cov khoom siv tsheb.
Nruab nrab Carbon Steel: Muaj {{0}}.3% rau 0.6% carbon. Nws muaj zog dua thiab hardness dua li cov pa roj carbon tsawg tab sis tsis tshua muaj zog. Feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv railway lem, gears, thiab machinery qhov chaw.
High Carbon Steel: Muaj 0.6% rau 1.5% carbon. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj heev thiab muaj zog tab sis tsawg dua ductile. Siv rau cov cuab yeej, txiav cov cuab yeej, thiab cov springs.
Daim ntawv thov: Cov kab teeb pom kev zoo, tsheb qhov chaw, tshuab, thiab cov cuab yeej siv.
2. Hlau alloy
Kev piav qhia: Alloy steel yog tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv ntau yam alloying ntsiab (xws li chromium, npib tsib xee, molybdenum, vanadium, los yog tungsten) rau carbon steel los txhim kho tej yam ntxwv xws li lub zog, toughness, corrosion kuj, los yog hardness.
Piv txwv ntawm Alloys:
Chromium hlau: High corrosion kuj, siv rau hauv cov cuab yeej thiab riam.
Nickel Hlau: Muaj zog toughness, siv nyob rau hauv shafts, gears, thiab cables.
Chromoly (Chromium-Molybdenum hlau): Paub txog nws lub zog thiab tsis kam hnav, siv hauv kev siv tsheb thiab aerospace.
Daim ntawv thov: Automotive qhov chaw, aerospace Cheebtsam, pipelines, thiab siab hlab ntsha.
3. Stainless hlau
Kev piav qhia: Stainless hlau paub txog nws cov corrosion kuj, tiav los ntawm kev ntxiv yam tsawg kawg nkaus10.5% chromium. Nws kuj tseem muaj nickel, molybdenum, thiab lwm yam khoom los txhim kho nws cov khoom.
Hom Stainless Hlau:
Austenitic Stainless hlau: Feem ntau hom, uas tsis yog-sib nqus, siab corrosion-resistant. Siv hauv chav ua noj, khoom siv kho mob, thiab khoom siv ua zaub mov.
Ferritic Stainless hlau: Sib nqus, qis nickel cov ntsiab lus, zoo tiv thaiv corrosion tab sis tsawg dua austenitic. Siv nyob rau hauv automotive exhaust systems thiab khoom siv.
Martensitic Stainless hlau: Sib nqus, cov ntsiab lus carbon ntau dua, tuaj yeem kho cua sov kom muaj zog ntxiv. Siv rau hauv cutlery, cov cuab yeej phais, thiab riam.
Duplex Stainless Hlau: Muab cov khoom austenitic thiab ferritic, muab lub zog ntau dua thiab zoo dua rau kev ntxhov siab corrosion tawg.
Daim ntawv thov: Cov tais diav, khoom siv kho mob, kev ua tshuaj, kev tsim kho, thiab cov khoom siv hauv chav ua noj.
4. Cov cuab yeej hlau
Kev piav qhia: Cov cuab yeej steel tshwj xeeb tsim los ua cov cuab yeej, tuag, thiab pwm. Nws muaj ntau dua cov ntsiab lus xws li tungsten, molybdenum, cobalt, thiab vanadium muab rau nws.siab hardness, abrasion tsis kam, thiabmuaj peev xwm khaws tau ib tug ntse ntugtxawm nyob rau qhov kub thiab txias.
Hom Khoom Hlau:
Dej-Hardening (W-Series): Cov ntsiab lus carbon siab, xav tau dej quenching, siv hauv cov cuab yeej yooj yim xws li cov ntaub ntawv thiab riam.
Cold-Work Tool Steels (O, A, thiab D-Series): Resistant hnav thiab deformation ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, siv rau hauv kev tuag thiab cov cuab yeej txiav.
Kub-ua hauj lwm cuab yeej Steels (H-Series): Khaws lub zog thiab hardness ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, siv hauv forging thiab casting tuag.
High Speed Steel (HSS): Siab hnav tsis kam thiab muaj peev xwm txiav ntawm kev kub ceev, siv rau hauv cov khoom laum thiab pom cov hniav.
Daim ntawv thov: Cov cuab yeej txiav, tuag, pwm, thiab cov khoom siv muaj zog heev.
Cov ntsiab lus
Carbon Steel: Siab zog thiab ntau yam, nrog rau ntau yam kev siv.
Hlau alloy: Txhim kho cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb los ntawm kev ntxiv cov ntsiab lus alloying.
Stainless hlau: High corrosion kuj, siv nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau huv si los yog tsis kam mus rau oxidation.
Cov cuab yeej hlau: Siab hardness thiab hnav tsis kam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev tsim cov cuab yeej thiab pwm.
Cov pawg no suav nrog qhov dav dav ntawm cov hlau hom siv thoob plaws ntau qhov kev lag luam, txhua qhov muab cov khoom sib txawv haum rau kev siv sib txawv.
